The landscape of scientific research is undergoing a profound transformation. Smart chemicals, crafted with intelligent methods, are emerging as the foundation of this revolution. These compounds possess unique properties, enabling them to respond to their environment in targeted ways. From autonomous materials to medical devices, smart chemicals a

The electronic properties of graphene suspensions are heavily influenced by their dispersion relations. These relations describe the relationship between the energy and momentum of collective excitations in the system. By manipulating various parameters such as particle concentration, solvent viscosity, and surface functionalization, one can tune t